Acrylic Vs Polyester Fabrics: Key Differences Explained

When choosing fabrics for clothing, upholstery, and other uses, acrylic and polyester are two popular synthetic options. But what are the main differences between these two fabrics? If you’re short on time, here’s a quick answer to your question: Acrylic and polyester are both made from petroleum-derived polymers, but acrylic contains at least 85% acrylonitrile, while polyester contains at least 85% polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

Key differences include acrylic being softer but less durable, while polyester is more wrinkle-resistant and breathable.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the unique properties, advantages, and disadvantages of acrylic vs. polyester fabrics. We’ll compare the two in terms of composition, texture, breathability, durability, maintenance, environmental impact, and typical uses so you can determine which is better suited for your needs.

Composition and Origin

When it comes to fabrics, understanding their composition and origin is crucial in determining their quality and performance. Both acrylic and polyester fabrics are man-made synthetics, but they differ in terms of their composition and manufacturing process.

Acrylic Composition

Acrylic fabric is made from a polymer called polyacrylonitrile. This polymer is derived from coal, air, water, petroleum, and limestone. The process involves spinning the polymer into fine fibers, which are then woven or knitted into fabric.

Acrylic fabrics have a soft and wool-like texture, making them a popular choice for winter garments and cozy blankets.

Polyester Composition

Polyester fabric, on the other hand, is made from a polymer called polyethylene terephthalate (PET). This polymer is derived from crude oil, which goes through a refining process to extract the necessary chemicals.

The polymer is then melted and extruded into fibers, which are woven or knitted into fabric. Polyester fabrics are known for their durability, wrinkle-resistance, and quick-drying properties, making them suitable for a wide range of applications.

Manufacturing Process

The manufacturing process for acrylic and polyester fabrics involves different steps. Acrylic fibers are created through a process called wet spinning, where the polymer solution is extruded into a coagulating bath to form fibers.

These fibers are then washed, dried, and processed further to enhance their properties.

On the other hand, polyester fibers are created through a process called melt spinning, where the molten polymer is forced through spinnerets to form continuous filaments. These filaments are then cooled, solidified, and cut into staple fibers or further processed into continuous filaments.

It’s important to note that both acrylic and polyester fabrics have their own unique characteristics and benefits. Understanding their composition and manufacturing process can help you make informed decisions when choosing the right fabric for your needs.

Texture and Feel

When it comes to comparing acrylic and polyester fabrics, one of the key factors to consider is their texture and feel. Both fabrics have their own unique characteristics that can impact the overall comfort and appeal of the garment or textile.

Softness

Acrylic fabric is well-known for its softness, often described as being comparable to cashmere. It has a luxurious feel against the skin, making it a popular choice for cozy sweaters, blankets, and scarves.

The fibers of acrylic are fine and lightweight, providing a gentle touch that can keep you warm without feeling heavy or bulky.

Polyester fabric, on the other hand, tends to have a slightly stiffer feel compared to acrylic. It may not be as soft to the touch, but polyester does offer other advantages such as durability and wrinkle-resistance.

Some variations of polyester, like microfiber polyester, can have a softer feel and are often used in bedding and upholstery.

Drape and Texture

The drape and texture of a fabric can greatly impact its overall appearance when used in clothing or home furnishings. Acrylic fabric has a natural drape and a smooth texture, which gives it a polished and refined look.

It holds its shape well and can create a structured silhouette, making it ideal for garments like sweaters and dresses.

Polyester fabric, on the other hand, has a more rigid drape and a slightly coarse texture. It tends to hold its shape better than acrylic and can create a more structured and tailored look. This makes it a popular choice for items like suits, skirts, and curtains.

When choosing between acrylic and polyester fabrics, it ultimately comes down to personal preference and the intended use of the fabric. Acrylic offers a softer and more luxurious feel, while polyester provides durability and wrinkle-resistance.

Consider the specific qualities you desire in a fabric and how it will be used to make an informed decision.

Breathability and Temperature Regulation

When it comes to breathability and temperature regulation, there are significant differences between acrylic and polyester fabrics. Acrylic is known for its ability to retain heat and provide insulation, making it a popular choice for winter clothing.

It has a low moisture absorption rate, meaning it does not allow much air to pass through, which can make it less breathable compared to other fabrics.

On the other hand, polyester fabrics are known for their breathability and moisture-wicking properties. Polyester is a synthetic fabric that has the ability to wick away moisture from the body, keeping the wearer cool and dry.

This makes it a great option for activewear and outdoor clothing, as it allows for better airflow and ventilation.

Acrylic:

• Retains heat
• Poor breathability
• Low moisture absorption
• Good for winter clothing

Polyester:

• Moisture-wicking
• Good breathability
• Allows for better airflow
• Great for activewear and outdoor clothing

It’s important to consider the intended use and climate when choosing between acrylic and polyester fabrics. If you’re looking for warmth and insulation, acrylic may be the better option. However, if breathability and moisture-wicking are a priority, polyester would be the preferred choice.

Note: For more information on fabric types and their properties, you can visit www.textileschool.com.

Durability and Wrinkle Resistance

When it comes to durability, both acrylic and polyester fabrics have their own strengths. Acrylic fabrics are known for their excellent resistance to wear and tear. They are highly durable and can withstand frequent use and washing without losing their shape or color.

This makes them a great choice for items that need to withstand heavy use, such as upholstery or outdoor furniture.

On the other hand, polyester fabrics are also known for their durability. They are strong and resilient, making them less prone to tearing or stretching. Polyester fabrics are often used in garments that require frequent washing and drying, as they can withstand the rigors of everyday wear and still maintain their shape and color.

Wrinkle Resistance

When it comes to wrinkle resistance, polyester fabrics have the upper hand. Polyester fibers have natural wrinkle-resistance properties, which means that clothes made from polyester tend to be less prone to wrinkling compared to acrylic fabrics.

This makes polyester a popular choice for clothing items such as suits, dresses, and dress shirts, where a crisp and wrinkle-free appearance is desired.

Acrylic fabrics, on the other hand, are not as resistant to wrinkles as polyester fabrics. While they may not wrinkle as easily as natural fibers like cotton or linen, acrylic fabrics can still develop creases and wrinkles over time.

However, it’s worth noting that advancements in fabric technology have resulted in the development of acrylic blends that offer improved wrinkle resistance.

It’s important to note that the durability and wrinkle resistance of a fabric can also depend on its weave, weight, and overall quality. Additionally, proper care and maintenance play a crucial role in preserving the longevity and appearance of any fabric.

Care and Maintenance

Proper care and maintenance are essential for ensuring the longevity and appearance of both acrylic and polyester fabrics. By following a few simple guidelines, you can keep your garments and textiles looking their best for years to come.

Washing

When it comes to washing acrylic and polyester fabrics, it is generally recommended to use a gentle cycle with cool water. This helps to prevent any potential damage or shrinkage that may occur with higher temperatures.

Additionally, it is best to use a mild detergent that is specifically formulated for delicate fabrics. Avoid using bleach or fabric softeners, as these can cause discoloration or leave a residue on the fabric.

For acrylic fabrics, it is important to turn the garment inside out before washing to protect the outer surface. This helps to prevent any snags or pilling that may occur during the washing process. Polyester fabrics, on the other hand, are more durable and can withstand regular washing without the need for special precautions.

Drying

When drying acrylic and polyester fabrics, it is recommended to air dry or use a low heat setting in the dryer. High heat can potentially cause shrinkage or damage to the fabric fibers. Hanging garments to dry can help to maintain their shape and prevent any stretching that may occur in the dryer.

Ironing is generally not necessary for acrylic and polyester fabrics, as they are naturally wrinkle-resistant. However, if ironing is required, it is important to use a low heat setting or place a cloth between the fabric and the iron to prevent any direct heat contact.

This helps to avoid any potential melting or damage to the fabric.

It is always a good idea to refer to the care instructions on the garment’s label for specific washing and drying guidelines. These instructions are tailored to the specific fabric blend and will provide the best recommendations for maintaining the fabric’s integrity and appearance.

Environmental Impact

When it comes to the environmental impact, acrylic and polyester fabrics have different characteristics that should be taken into consideration.

Acrylic Fabrics

Acrylic fabrics are made from a synthetic fiber derived from petroleum. The production of acrylic fabrics involves a significant amount of energy and resources, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental pollution.

Additionally, acrylic fabrics are not biodegradable and can take hundreds of years to decompose in landfills. This means that acrylic fabrics can contribute to the growing problem of textile waste.

However, it’s important to note that some companies are making efforts to reduce the environmental impact of acrylic fabrics. For example, some manufacturers are implementing recycling programs to collect and reuse acrylic fibers, reducing the need for new production and minimizing waste.

Polyester Fabrics

Polyester fabrics are also made from synthetic fibers derived from petroleum. The production of polyester fabrics requires a significant amount of energy and resources, contributing to carbon emissions and other forms of pollution.

Additionally, polyester fabrics are not biodegradable and can take hundreds of years to decompose.

Similar to acrylic fabrics, some companies are implementing recycling programs for polyester fabrics. By collecting and reusing polyester fibers, these companies can reduce the environmental impact of polyester production and minimize textile waste.

Comparison of Environmental Impact

While both acrylic and polyester fabrics have a significant environmental impact, it’s important to note that the textile industry as a whole is working towards more sustainable practices. Companies are investing in research and development to find alternative materials and production methods that are more eco-friendly.

Additionally, consumers can contribute to reducing the environmental impact by choosing to buy clothing made from organic or recycled materials, and by recycling or donating their old garments instead of throwing them away.

For more information on sustainable fashion and textile practices, you can visit websites such as Fashion Revolution and Eco Textile News.

Typical Uses

Clothing

Both acrylic and polyester fabrics have a wide range of uses in the clothing industry. Acrylic, known for its softness and warmth, is commonly used in sweaters, scarves, and hats. Its ability to mimic the texture of wool makes it a popular choice for winter clothing.

On the other hand, polyester is a versatile fabric that is often used in activewear, sportswear, and outerwear. Its moisture-wicking properties and durability make it suitable for high-intensity activities.

Home Furnishings

When it comes to home furnishings, acrylic and polyester fabrics offer unique advantages. Acrylic is commonly used in the production of blankets, upholstery, and curtains due to its softness and ability to retain vibrant colors.

Its resistance to fading and pilling makes it a great choice for long-lasting home decor. Polyester, on the other hand, is often used in the production of curtains, beddings, and upholstery. Its wrinkle-resistant and easy-care properties make it a convenient choice for busy households.

Outdoor Gear

Both acrylic and polyester fabrics are widely used in the production of outdoor gear. Acrylic, with its water-resistant properties, is often used in the manufacturing of tents, backpacks, and sleeping bags.

Its ability to retain heat even when wet makes it suitable for outdoor activities in colder climates. Polyester, on the other hand, is commonly found in hiking gear, rain jackets, and moisture-wicking base layers. Its quick-drying and lightweight nature make it ideal for outdoor enthusiasts.

Conclusion

When choosing between acrylic and polyester fabrics, consider the unique properties of each to determine which is better for your particular application. Acrylic excels in softness and affordability, while polyester is more wrinkle-resistant and breathable.

Evaluate the care requirements, durability, and environmental impact as well to select the best option for your needs. With this comprehensive comparison, you can make an informed decision between these two popular synthetic fabrics.