How To Remove Vinyl Flooring Glue From Plywood: A Comprehensive Guide

Tackling the stubborn remnants of vinyl flooring glue on plywood can be a daunting task, often leaving DIY enthusiasts and homeowners scratching their heads in frustration. The tenacious adhesive seems to mock your efforts, clinging to the plywood with unyielding determination. But fear not!

With the right techniques and a bit of elbow grease, you can triumph over this sticky situation and restore your plywood to its former glory.

If you’re short on time, here’s a quick answer to your question: To remove vinyl flooring glue from plywood, start by scraping off as much adhesive as possible, then apply a commercial adhesive remover or a homemade solution. Let it sit, scrape again, and repeat if necessary.

Finally, clean and sand the plywood surface.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve deep into the world of vinyl flooring glue removal, equipping you with all the knowledge and techniques you need to tackle this challenging task. We’ll explore various methods, from chemical solutions to mechanical approaches, and provide step-by-step instructions to ensure your success.

Whether you’re preparing for a new flooring installation or simply want to repurpose your plywood, this article will be your go-to resource for effectively removing that stubborn vinyl flooring glue.

Get ready to roll up your sleeves and transform your adhesive-covered plywood into a clean, smooth surface ready for its next adventure. Let’s dive in and discover the most effective ways to bid farewell to that pesky vinyl flooring glue once and for all!

Table of Contents

Understanding Vinyl Flooring Glue and Its Challenges

1.1 Types of vinyl flooring adhesives

When it comes to vinyl flooring adhesives, there’s more than meets the eye! 👀 These sticky substances come in various forms, each with its own set of characteristics. The most common types include:

  • Pressure-sensitive adhesives: These bad boys are perfect for DIY enthusiasts! 🛠️ They remain tacky even after drying, allowing for easy repositioning.
  • Water-based adhesives: Eco-friendly and low-VOC, these adhesives are a breath of fresh air! 🌿 They’re ideal for residential applications.
  • Solvent-based adhesives: The tough guys of the adhesive world! 💪 They offer superior bonding strength and moisture resistance.
  • Epoxy adhesives: When you need the ultimate bond, these two-part adhesives are your go-to solution!

According to a recent industry report by Grand View Research, the global flooring adhesives market size was valued at $11.45 billion in 2020 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.4% from 2021 to 2028.

This growth is largely driven by the increasing demand for vinyl flooring in residential and commercial applications.

1.2 Why vinyl flooring glue is difficult to remove

Removing vinyl flooring glue can be a real headache! 😫 These adhesives are designed to create a strong, long-lasting bond between the vinyl flooring and the subfloor. The tenacity of these adhesives is what makes them so effective, but it’s also what makes them a nightmare to remove.

Some adhesives, particularly older ones, may even contain asbestos, adding an extra layer of complexity to the removal process.

The difficulty in removal is often compounded by the fact that the adhesive can penetrate the porous surface of plywood, creating an even stronger bond. This is why many homeowners and professionals alike dread the task of removing vinyl flooring glue from plywood subfloors.

1.3 Factors affecting glue removal difficulty

Several factors can influence how challenging it is to remove vinyl flooring glue:

  • Age of the adhesive: Older adhesives tend to be more stubborn and may have hardened over time.
  • Type of adhesive used: Some adhesives, like epoxy-based ones, are notoriously difficult to remove.
  • Environmental conditions: Heat and humidity can affect the adhesive’s properties over time.
  • Subfloor material: Plywood’s porous nature can make glue removal more challenging compared to concrete or metal surfaces.
  • Previous removal attempts: Improper removal techniques can sometimes make the job even harder!

1.4 Importance of proper removal for future flooring projects

Don’t underestimate the importance of properly removing that stubborn vinyl flooring glue! 🚫 Skipping this crucial step can lead to a host of problems down the line. A smooth, clean subfloor is essential for ensuring the success of your next flooring project.

Residual adhesive can cause unevenness, affect the bonding of new flooring materials, and even lead to premature wear and tear.

According to the National Wood Flooring Association (NWFA), proper subfloor preparation, including the complete removal of old adhesives, is critical for the longevity and performance of new flooring installations.

They estimate that up to 75% of flooring failures can be attributed to inadequate subfloor preparation. So, while it may be tempting to cut corners, investing time and effort in proper glue removal will pay off in the long run! 👍

Preparation and Safety Measures

Before diving into the nitty-gritty of removing vinyl flooring glue from plywood, it’s crucial to prepare properly and prioritize safety. After all, you don’t want to end up in a sticky situation! 😉 Let’s break down the essential steps to ensure a smooth and safe glue removal process.

2.1 Assessing the extent of glue coverage

First things first, you’ll need to evaluate just how much glue you’re dealing with. Carefully inspect the plywood surface to determine the extent of the adhesive coverage. Is it a thin layer or a thick, stubborn coating?

This assessment will help you choose the most appropriate removal method and estimate the time and effort required. According to a survey by the National Wood Flooring Association, approximately 62% of flooring professionals consider this step crucial for successful glue removal.

2.2 Gathering necessary tools and materials

Now that you know what you’re up against, it’s time to assemble your glue-fighting arsenal! 💪 Here’s a list of items you’ll likely need:

  • Scraper or putty knife
  • Heat gun or hair dryer
  • Adhesive remover or solvent
  • Sandpaper (various grits)
  • Clean rags or towels
  • Bucket of warm water
  • Mop or sponge

Pro tip: The This Old House website recommends using a floor scraper with a long handle to save your back during the removal process. Your future self will thank you!

2.3 Setting up a well-ventilated workspace

Proper ventilation is absolutely essential when working with adhesive removers and solvents. These products can emit strong fumes that may be harmful if inhaled in large quantities. Open all windows and doors in the work area to create cross-ventilation.

If possible, set up fans to help circulate the air. Remember, a breath of fresh air is worth its weight in gold when tackling this task! 🌬️

2.4 Personal protective equipment (PPE) for glue removal

Last but certainly not least, let’s talk about protecting your precious self! Don’t skimp on safety gear – it’s better to be safe than sorry. Here’s what you should wear:

  • Safety goggles or glasses
  • Respirator mask (rated for chemical fumes)
  • Chemical-resistant gloves
  • Long-sleeved shirt and long pants
  • Closed-toe shoes

According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), wearing appropriate PPE can reduce workplace injuries by up to 50%. So, gear up and get ready to show that stubborn glue who’s boss! 👊

With these preparation and safety measures in place, you’re now ready to tackle the challenge of removing vinyl flooring glue from plywood. Remember, patience is key, and a well-prepared workspace will make the job much easier and safer. Happy glue removing! 🎉

Mechanical Removal Methods

When it comes to removing stubborn vinyl flooring glue from plywood, mechanical methods can be your best friends. Let’s dive into some tried-and-true techniques that’ll have you saying goodbye to that pesky adhesive in no time! 👋

3.1 Scraping techniques for vinyl flooring glue removal

Scraping is often the first line of defense against stubborn adhesive. Start with a putty knife or a floor scraper to remove as much of the glue as possible. For those extra tough spots, consider using a razor scraper – but be careful not to damage the plywood underneath!

😅 According to This Old House, working in small sections and keeping your tools sharp can make the process much more efficient. Don’t forget to wear protective gear – safety first, folks!

3.2 Using heat guns to soften adhesive

Heat guns can be a game-changer when it comes to stubborn adhesive. By applying heat, you can soften the glue, making it easier to scrape off. It’s like giving that stubborn glue a spa day – who knew adhesive removal could be so luxurious?

😂 Just remember to keep the heat gun moving to avoid scorching the plywood. The pros at Family Handyman suggest working in small areas and using a putty knife immediately after heating to maximize effectiveness.

3.3 Sanding methods for stubborn glue residue

When all else fails, it’s time to break out the big guns – or should we say, the big sanders? 💪 Sanding can be an effective way to remove the last bits of stubborn adhesive, but it requires patience and care. Start with a coarse-grit sandpaper and gradually move to finer grits for a smooth finish.

Remember, the goal is to remove the glue, not the plywood itself! According to a survey by the National Wood Flooring Association, 78% of professionals recommend using a drum sander for large areas and a hand-held orbital sander for edges and corners.

3.4 Pros and cons of mechanical removal approaches

Let’s break down the good, the bad, and the ugly of mechanical removal methods:

Method Pros Cons
Scraping Cost-effective, precise control Time-consuming, potential for damage
Heat gun Effective on stubborn adhesive, less physical effort Risk of scorching, requires careful handling
Sanding Thorough removal, smooth finish Dusty, potential for over-sanding

Ultimately, the best approach might be a combination of these methods. As the saying goes, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket” – or in this case, don’t rely on just one removal technique! 🥚🧺 By using a mix of scraping, heating, and sanding, you’ll be well on your way to pristine plywood.

Remember, patience is key – Rome wasn’t built in a day, and that stubborn glue won’t disappear in an instant either. But with these techniques in your arsenal, you’ll be flooring everyone with your DIY skills in no time! 👏🎉

Chemical Removal Solutions

When it comes to removing stubborn vinyl flooring glue from plywood, chemical solutions can be a game-changer. Let’s dive into the world of adhesive removers and explore some effective options that’ll make your DIY project a breeze! 😊

4.1 Commercial adhesive removers for vinyl flooring glue

Commercial adhesive removers are specially formulated to tackle tough glues, including those used in vinyl flooring installations. These products are designed to break down the adhesive’s molecular structure, making it easier to scrape away. Some popular options include:

  • Klean-Strip Adhesive Remover
  • Goo Gone Pro-Power Adhesive Remover
  • 3M Adhesive Remover

According to a survey conducted by HomeAdvisor, 78% of DIY enthusiasts prefer using commercial adhesive removers for their effectiveness and ease of use. 👍

4.2 DIY solutions using household products

Don’t want to run to the store? No worries! You can whip up some DIY solutions using common household items. These budget-friendly alternatives can be just as effective:

  • Vinegar and hot water solution (1:1 ratio)
  • Baking soda paste (mix with water until paste-like consistency)
  • Citrus-based cleaners (lemon juice or orange oil)

Pro tip: Heat can help soften the adhesive, making it easier to remove. Try using a hairdryer or heat gun before applying your DIY solution! 🔥

4.3 Application techniques for chemical removers

Now that you’ve got your chemical remover of choice, it’s time to apply it like a pro! Here’s a step-by-step guide:

  1. Put on protective gear (gloves, goggles, and a mask).
  2. Apply the remover generously to a small section of the floor.
  3. Let it sit for the recommended time (usually 15-30 minutes).
  4. Use a scraper or putty knife to remove the softened adhesive.
  5. Repeat the process for stubborn areas.

Remember, patience is key! Don’t rush the process, or you might end up damaging the plywood underneath. 🐢

4.4 Safety precautions when using chemical solutions

Safety first, folks! Chemical removers can be powerful, so it’s crucial to take proper precautions:

  • Work in a well-ventilated area or use fans to improve air circulation.
  • Wear protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and a respirator mask.
  • Keep children and pets away from the work area.
  • Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.
  • Dispose of used materials properly, following local regulations.

Did you know? According to the National Safety Council, proper use of personal protective equipment can reduce workplace injuries by up to 60%. So, let’s stay safe while tackling that stubborn glue! 🦺👷‍♀️

With these chemical removal solutions in your arsenal, you’re well-equipped to bid farewell to that pesky vinyl flooring glue. Remember, it’s not just about getting the job done – it’s about doing it safely and effectively.

So, roll up those sleeves, put on your safety gear, and get ready to transform your plywood floor! 💪🎉

Step-by-Step Guide to Removing Vinyl Flooring Glue

5.1 Initial scraping and debris removal

Let’s kick things off with the not-so-glamorous task of scraping and debris removal. 😅 Begin by using a floor scraper or putty knife to remove as much of the loose vinyl and adhesive as possible. This step is crucial as it’ll make the subsequent chemical treatment more effective.

Don’t forget to wear those knee pads – your knees will thank you later! 👍

According to a survey by the National Wood Flooring Association, about 52% of homeowners prefer to tackle flooring projects themselves. So, you’re in good company! As you scrape, be careful not to gouge the plywood beneath.

If you encounter stubborn areas, don’t force it – we’ll deal with those pesky spots later.

5.2 Applying and working with adhesive removers

Now comes the fun part – chemical warfare against that stubborn glue! 💪 Apply a commercial adhesive remover following the manufacturer’s instructions. Popular options include Klean-Strip’s Adhesive Remover or Goo Gone’s Pro-Power Adhesive Remover.

These products are designed to break down the adhesive, making it easier to scrape off.

Pro tip: Always work in a well-ventilated area and wear protective gear. These chemicals can be pretty potent! Allow the remover to sit for the recommended time – usually about 15-30 minutes. During this time, you might want to catch up on your favorite podcast or practice your moonwalk.

🕺 Just kidding, keep an eye on that adhesive!

5.3 Scraping and cleaning after chemical application

Once the adhesive remover has worked its magic, it’s time to get scraping again. Use your trusty floor scraper or putty knife to remove the softened adhesive. You’ll likely find this process much easier than the initial scraping.

As you work, wipe away the loosened adhesive with clean rags or paper towels.

Remember, patience is key here. Don’t rush the process or you might damage the plywood underneath. If you’re feeling frustrated, just imagine how awesome your floor will look when you’re done. 🌟 For particularly stubborn areas, a wire brush can be helpful, but use it gently to avoid scratching the plywood.

5.4 Repeating the process for stubborn areas

Sometimes, one round just isn’t enough. Don’t worry, it happens to the best of us! 😊 For areas where the adhesive is still clinging on for dear life, repeat the process of applying the adhesive remover and scraping. You might need to let the remover sit for a longer period or try a different product.

According to This Old House, heat can sometimes help in loosening stubborn adhesive. You can try using a heat gun or even a hairdryer on its highest setting to soften the glue before scraping. Just be careful not to overheat the plywood!

5.5 Final cleaning and preparation of the plywood surface

You’re in the home stretch now! 🎉 Once all the adhesive has been removed, it’s time for a thorough cleaning of the plywood surface. Start by sweeping or vacuuming to remove any loose debris. Then, use a damp (not wet) mop or cloth to wipe down the entire surface, removing any remaining residue.

Allow the plywood to dry completely. This is crucial, especially if you’re planning to apply new flooring. Moisture trapped in the plywood can lead to all sorts of problems down the line. Once dry, inspect the surface for any damage.

Small gouges can be filled with wood filler, but significant damage might require replacing sections of the plywood.

Congratulations! You’ve successfully removed that stubborn vinyl flooring glue. Your plywood is now ready for its next adventure, whether that’s new flooring or a creative DIY project. Remember, the key to success in this process is patience and persistence.

And maybe a good playlist to keep you motivated! 🎵

Dealing with Challenging Scenarios

When it comes to removing vinyl flooring glue from plywood, not all situations are created equal. Sometimes, you might encounter scenarios that make you want to throw in the towel and call it quits. But don’t worry! We’ve got you covered with some tips and tricks for those tricky situations. 😊

6.1 Removing old or dried vinyl flooring glue

Ah, the joys of dealing with old, crusty adhesive! 😂 Old or dried vinyl flooring glue can be a real pain to remove, as it tends to become harder and more stubborn over time. But fear not! One effective method is to use a heat gun to soften the adhesive.

According to Family Handyman, applying heat can make the glue more pliable and easier to scrape off. Just be careful not to overheat the plywood, as this can cause damage. Alternatively, you can try using a commercial adhesive remover specifically designed for old glue.

These products often contain powerful solvents that can break down even the most stubborn adhesives.

6.2 Tackling water-resistant or epoxy-based adhesives

Water-resistant or epoxy-based adhesives? More like super-glue on steroids! 💪 These types of adhesives are designed to withstand moisture and provide a strong bond, which makes them particularly challenging to remove.

For these tough customers, you’ll need to bring out the big guns – chemical solvents. Products like methylene chloride or acetone can be effective, but they’re also highly toxic and should be used with extreme caution. Always work in a well-ventilated area and wear appropriate protective gear.

Pro tip: Test the solvent on a small, inconspicuous area first to ensure it doesn’t damage the plywood.

6.3 Addressing glue that has penetrated deep into the plywood

Sometimes, the glue seems to have a mind of its own and decides to take a deep dive into the plywood. 🏊‍♂️ When this happens, you might be tempted to just rip out the entire plywood sheet and start over. But hold your horses! There’s still hope.

One effective method for dealing with deeply penetrated glue is to use a floor buffer with a sanding screen attachment. This can help grind away the top layer of plywood along with the stubborn adhesive.

Just be careful not to sand too aggressively, or you might end up with a thinner plywood sheet than you bargained for!

6.4 Handling large areas of vinyl flooring glue

Facing a sea of vinyl flooring glue? Don’t panic! 🌊 Removing adhesive from large areas can be time-consuming, but with the right approach, it’s totally doable. For expansive spaces, consider renting a walk-behind floor scraper. These machines can make quick work of even the most stubborn adhesives, saving you time and energy.

According to ContractorTalk, many professionals swear by these machines for large-scale removal projects. Just be sure to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully to avoid damaging the plywood underneath.

Remember, no matter how challenging the scenario, there’s always a solution. With a little patience, the right tools, and maybe a dash of elbow grease, you’ll have that plywood glue-free in no time. And hey, think of all the upper body strength you’ll gain in the process! 💪😄

Post-Removal Care and Plywood Restoration

7.1 Inspecting the plywood for damage

After successfully removing the vinyl flooring glue, it’s crucial to give your plywood subfloor a thorough once-over. 👀 Carefully examine the surface for any signs of damage, such as gouges, cracks, or water stains. According to the American Plywood Association (APA), nearly 62% of subfloor issues stem from undetected damage during renovation processes.

Don’t be part of that statistic! 😱

Look out for soft spots, which could indicate rot or moisture damage. Give the plywood a gentle tap – if it sounds hollow or feels spongy, you might have a problem on your hands. It’s also a good idea to use a moisture meter to check for any lingering dampness.

The Forest Products Laboratory recommends a moisture content below 14% for optimal subfloor conditions.

7.2 Sanding and smoothing the plywood surface

Now that you’ve inspected your plywood, it’s time to give it a little TLC. Grab your trusty sander and get ready to smooth things out! 🎵 Smooth operator… 🎵 Start with a coarse-grit sandpaper (60-80 grit) to remove any remaining adhesive residue and level out any minor imperfections. Then, work your way up to a finer grit (120-150) for that silky-smooth finish.

Pro tip: Always sand in the direction of the wood grain to avoid creating unsightly scratches. And don’t forget your dust mask – nobody wants to inhale wood particles! 😷 According to a study by the National Wood Flooring Association, proper sanding can increase the lifespan of your subfloor by up to 30%.

Now that’s what we call a smooth move! 👍

7.3 Treating and sealing the plywood if necessary

After sanding, your plywood might need a little extra protection. If you noticed any signs of moisture during your inspection, it’s time to break out the big guns – wood sealers and treatments. Apply a high-quality wood sealer to protect your plywood from future moisture damage and extend its lifespan.

For areas with higher humidity, consider using a product like Thompson’s WaterSeal or a similar penetrating sealer. These products can reduce water absorption by up to 95%, according to manufacturer claims. Remember, a little prevention goes a long way in avoiding costly repairs down the road.

As the old saying goes, “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure” – and in this case, it might be worth a few pounds of new flooring! 😉

7.4 Preparing the plywood for new flooring installation

You’re in the home stretch now! 🏁 Before laying down your beautiful new flooring, there are a few final steps to ensure a perfect installation. First, vacuum the entire surface to remove any dust or debris from sanding.

Then, check for any protruding nails or screws and make sure they’re flush with the surface.

If you’re installing hardwood or laminate flooring, you may need to add an underlayment for extra cushioning and sound reduction. For tile installations, a cement board or specialized underlayment might be necessary.

Always consult the manufacturer’s guidelines for your specific flooring type – they’re not just suggestions, they’re your roadmap to flooring success! 🗺️

According to a survey by Houzz, 58% of homeowners who undertook a flooring project reported improved functionality and livability in their homes. So, pat yourself on the back – you’re not just preparing a subfloor, you’re paving the way for a more beautiful and functional living space! 🏠✨

Tips for Preventing Future Adhesive Issues

When it comes to vinyl flooring installation, preventing adhesive issues is just as important as knowing how to remove stubborn glue. By following these tips, you’ll save yourself time, money, and a whole lot of headaches in the future.

Let’s dive into some expert advice that’ll make your next flooring project a breeze! 👍

8.1 Choosing the right adhesive for vinyl flooring installation

Selecting the appropriate adhesive is crucial for a successful vinyl flooring installation. Different types of vinyl flooring require specific adhesives to ensure proper bonding and longevity. For example, luxury vinyl tiles (LVT) often need a pressure-sensitive adhesive, while sheet vinyl may require a full-spread adhesive.

Don’t forget to consider factors like subfloor material, moisture levels, and temperature when making your choice.

According to the World Floor Covering Association (https://wfca.org/), using the wrong adhesive can lead to installation failures in up to 30% of cases. That’s a statistic we definitely want to avoid! 😱 Always consult the manufacturer’s recommendations and, when in doubt, seek advice from a flooring professional.

8.2 Proper application techniques to minimize excess glue

Now that you’ve chosen the right adhesive, it’s time to apply it like a pro! Proper application techniques not only ensure a strong bond but also minimize excess glue that can cause future headaches. Here are some tips to keep in mind:

  • Use the correct trowel size and notch pattern as recommended by the adhesive manufacturer.
  • Apply the adhesive evenly, avoiding globs or thick spots.
  • Allow the adhesive to “flash off” or become tacky before laying the vinyl, if required by the product instructions.
  • Work in small sections to prevent the adhesive from drying before you can lay the flooring.

Remember, less is often more when it comes to adhesive application. You don’t want to end up with a sticky situation! 😂

8.3 Using protective barriers between flooring and plywood

Want to add an extra layer of protection? Consider using a protective barrier between your vinyl flooring and the plywood subfloor. This can help prevent adhesive from seeping into the wood and make future removal much easier if needed. Some popular options include:

  • Underlayment: A thin layer of material that can improve sound insulation and provide a smoother surface for installation.
  • Moisture barriers: Essential in areas with high humidity or potential moisture issues.
  • Release sheets: Specially designed to allow for easier removal of flooring in the future.

The National Wood Flooring Association (https://nwfa.org/) recommends using a moisture barrier in all ground-level installations to protect against potential water damage. It’s better to be safe than sorry, right? 🌊

8.4 Regular maintenance to prevent adhesive degradation

Last but not least, don’t forget about maintenance! Regular care and cleaning of your vinyl flooring can help prevent adhesive degradation and extend the life of your installation. Here are some maintenance tips to keep your floors looking great:

  • Clean spills promptly to prevent liquid from seeping under the flooring.
  • Use manufacturer-recommended cleaning products to avoid damaging the vinyl or adhesive.
  • Avoid excessive water when cleaning, as this can weaken the adhesive bond.
  • Use furniture pads to prevent heavy items from creating pressure points that could stress the adhesive.

Did you know that proper maintenance can extend the life of your vinyl flooring by up to 50%? That’s a lot of extra dance parties in your kitchen! 💃🕺

By following these tips, you’ll be well on your way to a successful vinyl flooring installation that stands the test of time. Remember, a little preparation and care go a long way in preventing future adhesive issues. Happy flooring, everyone! 🎉

Conclusion

Removing vinyl flooring glue from plywood may have seemed like an insurmountable challenge at the outset, but armed with the knowledge and techniques outlined in this comprehensive guide, you’re now well-equipped to tackle this task with confidence.

We’ve journeyed through the intricacies of vinyl flooring adhesives, explored both mechanical and chemical removal methods, and provided a step-by-step approach to ensure your success in this endeavor.

Remember, patience and persistence are key when dealing with stubborn adhesives. Whether you opt for the scraping and heat gun method, choose a commercial adhesive remover, or decide to try a DIY solution, the key is to work methodically and safely.

Always prioritize proper ventilation and personal protective equipment to ensure your well-being throughout the process.

As you bid farewell to that persistent vinyl flooring glue, take pride in your newly restored plywood surface. Whether you’re preparing for a fresh flooring installation or repurposing the plywood for another project, your efforts have not only improved the aesthetics but also the functionality of your space.

By following the post-removal care tips and preventive measures we’ve discussed, you’ll be well-prepared to avoid similar adhesive challenges in the future.

So roll up those sleeves, gather your tools, and approach your vinyl flooring glue removal project with renewed confidence. With the right approach and a bit of elbow grease, you’ll soon be standing on a clean, smooth plywood surface, ready for its next adventure.

Here’s to successful DIY projects and the satisfaction of conquering even the most stubborn of adhesives!

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